15: Bringing the Moral Economy Back In

Edelman’s piece identifies international agriculturalists as an actor in the global environmental politics stage. With a lack of resources or formal recognition, government agencies have sprung up to speak on behalf of their livelihood. In the past few decades, these international agriculturalists, farmers that export surplus to other countries, have organized and mobilized to force themselves into the discussion. Sometimes this is accomplished by disrupting talks by agencies such as the WTO (formerly GATT) and other times they host their own talks to strengthen the bond of their community. The organization of these farmers, Via Campesina, is a heterogeneous organization made up of members from over 50 countries. This diversity does create some issues as naturally not everyone has the same goals. The organization recognized this early on and decided that instead of trying to homogenize ideology, they should focus on organizing and mobilizing so that the farmers in their position have a louder and more prominent voice in the discussion. This type of interaction represents a common pattern in citizen roles of environmental politics. Often citizens need to organize together to make a concentrated impact but goals and ideology are not always homogenous. The coalition model is more effective than the collective model because it allows for a rigid diversity that can withstand occasional differences in opinion but results in a net positive impact.